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Application Research of Sewage Plant Filter Cloth in Belt Press Filter for Municipal Sewage and Domestic Sludge Treatment
Release time:
2025-04-22
I. Introduction
With the continuous acceleration of urbanization in China, the capacity for treating urban domestic sewage has been significantly enhanced, leading to a sustained increase in sludge production. Sludge generated during domestic sewage treatment is characterized by high water content, high organic matter content, and high treatment difficulty. If not handled properly and promptly, it can easily cause secondary pollution. To reduce subsequent disposal costs and improve resource utilization efficiency, sludge dewatering has become a critical step in wastewater plant operation.
Currently, belt filter presses are widely used in municipal wastewater plant sludge treatment processes due to their high processing capacity, stable continuous operation, and low energy consumption. The filter cloth used in them, as a core component affecting dewatering performance and equipment efficiency, plays a decisive role in the operational effectiveness of the entire sludge treatment system.
II. Characteristics and Treatment Requirements of Municipal Domestic Sludge
Municipal domestic sludge mainly originates from primary sedimentation tanks, biological treatment units, and secondary sedimentation tanks, and its characteristics are as follows:
- High water content ：The water content of raw sludge is generally 95%-98% ，which needs to be reduced to 60% below through mechanical dewatering;
- High organic matter content ：Contains a large amount of microbial residues and organic pollutants, prone to decay and odor;
- Loose particle structure ：High proportion of bound water between particles, making dewatering difficult;
- Strong fluidity ：Untreated sludge is difficult to form a filter cake.
Therefore, dewatering equipment must have good pressing capacity, and the filter cloth needs to balance water permeability, strength, corrosion resistance, and good mud cake separation performance.
III. Working Principle and Process Characteristics of Belt Filter Press
A belt filter press is a continuously operating sludge mechanical dewatering device, and the work flow is mainly divided into three stages:
- Gravity dewatering section ：During the conveying process of sludge on the filter cloth, part of the free water is removed under the action of gravity;
- Wedge pressing section ：The sludge is gradually squeezed into a thin layer and begins to form a preliminary mud cake structure;
- High-pressure pressing section ：Through repeated pressing by multiple pressing rollers, the sludge is further dewatered to form a mud cake with lower water content.
In this process, the filter cloth always serves as the carrier and filtration medium for the sludge, in a continuous operation, high-intensity pressing and water flow scouring state, which puts extremely high demands on its material, structure and processing technology.
IV. Performance Requirements of Wastewater Plant Filter Cloth
In view of the application of belt filter presses in municipal sludge treatment, the filter cloth needs to meet the following technical performance:
（ 1 ）High permeability and filtration accuracy coexist
The filter cloth must have excellent permeability while ensuring sufficient retention of sludge particles, to improve treatment efficiency, reduce filter liquid backflow, and sludge leakage.
（ 2 ）Excellent tensile strength and dimensional stability
During equipment operation, the filter cloth needs to withstand high-intensity tension and frequent bending for a long time. It must have good mechanical strength and fatigue resistance to prevent breakage and deformation.
（ 3 ）Good mud cake release property
The surface of the filter cloth is smooth and the structure is reasonable, which helps the mud cake to naturally fall off after pressing, reducing adhesion and improving operational efficiency.
（ 4 ）Resistance to chemical corrosion and temperature resistance
Sludge often contains acids, alkalis, salts and various organic substances. The filter cloth needs to have strong chemical stability and adapt to different temperature operating conditions.
（ 5 ）Easy cleaning and regeneration performance
The filter cloth should have good pollution resistance and regeneration capacity for easy maintenance and long-term use.
V. Xiamen Citius (Xiamen Citius) Application Advantages of Wastewater Treatment Filter Cloth
As a national high-tech enterprise in the filtration materials industry, Xiamen Citius (Xiamen Citius) Filtration Materials Technology Co., Ltd. has long been focused on the research and development and manufacturing of industrial filter cloths. For municipal wastewater treatment conditions, it has launched multiple wastewater plant special belt filter press filter cloths ，widely used in domestic and foreign municipal sludge dewatering projects.
Its main advantages are as follows:
- Material structure optimization ：Uses high-strength polyester monofilament or bifilar weaving to enhance water permeability and wear resistance;
- Multi-layer composite design ：Inner layer filtration, outer layer support, balancing efficiency and durability;
- Advanced surface treatment technology ：Special coating and smooth treatment significantly improve mud cake release performance;
- Customizable service ：Provides personalized processing services such as filter cloth punching, edging, and guide belts according to different equipment models and sludge properties;
- Long operating cycle, low comprehensive cost ：The filter cloth replacement cycle is as long as 6-12 months, reducing the frequency of downtime maintenance.
VI. Typical Application Cases
A municipal wastewater treatment plant in a provincial capital city with a daily processing capacity of 15 ten thousand tons, originally used imported filter cloth with belt press filter, but there were problems such as high mud cake moisture content, short filter cloth life, and high operating costs. Later, after using Xiamen Citius (Xiamen Citius) special filter cloth, the system operating effect has been significantly improved:
- Mud cake moisture content from the original 80% decreased to 73% or so;
- Processing capacity increased 15% and above ；
- The filter cloth replacement cycle was extended from 3 months to 9 months ；
- The stability of the filter cloth operation has been enhanced, with basically no problems such as broken belts or deviation. 。
The plant manager said that after replacing the filter cloth, not only the dehydration efficiency is improved, but the equipment operation is more stable, and the maintenance workload is significantly reduced.
VII. Conclusion
In the process of municipal wastewater treatment and dewatering of domestic sewage sludge, filter cloth, as the core consumable of belt press filter, its performance directly relates to the quality and cost control of sludge treatment. High-performance filter cloth for wastewater treatment plants can effectively improve dehydration efficiency, extend equipment service life, and reduce operating and maintenance costs. Xiamen Citius (Xiamen Citius) With its industry-leading technological accumulation and engineering experience, it has become a trustworthy filter solution provider in the municipal wastewater treatment industry. In the future, with the continuous improvement of environmental protection standards, higher requirements will be put forward for the performance and application of filter cloth, and Citius (Xiamen Citius) will continue to be innovation-driven, injecting continuous power into the sludge treatment industry.
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